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| SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF PUBLIC FACILITIES FOR RECREATIONS AND LEISURE ACTIVITIES——A Case Study of Metropolitan Shanghai |
| LIU Ying-hua, BAI Guang-run |
| Tourism College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China |
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Abstract Since the categories of the public facilities for recreations and leisure activities (abbreviated as PFRL) haven't been identified by related China's administering organization, the research begins with defining PFRL and divid PFRL into 5 types based on their different function(s). 1)Performance places and cinemas for profit;2)Sports and physical exercises places for profit;3)Dancing and singing places for profit;4)Chamber games and Internet service places for profit;5)Mixed functions places including two or more above items. In Part One, the thesis discusses the factors affecting the development and the distribution of PFRL, including backgrounds, situations, spatial structure and the characters of the PFRL.
In Part Two, the thesis selected Shanghai for a case study. In the first step, according to the distribution (location) of PFRL in Shanghai, they were classified into three groups:type of business district, type of residential area and pure agglomeration. Figure 1 shows the distribution of these three types of PFRL in Shanghai. It can be concluded that most PFRL of the business-district type are located in the urban built-up area and most PFRL of the residential-area type are placed in the urban new tract and urban fringe where is mostly aggregated with newly developed dense-populated new housing estates. The former 2 types reflected the contemporary consumers' behavior,no matter it is business-district type or residential-area type. In the second step, the PFRL are divided into large-scale multiple PFRL, small-scale multiple PFRL and single-function PFRL on the basis of their different scale. Table 1 showed the linkage between the scale and the distribution of PFRL by clustering analysis. In the third step, in terms of concrete function(s), the PFRL are resolved into Internet bars, recreation rooms, sports activities rooms, KTV service houses, singing and dancing halls, cinemas and theatres, gymnasiums and advanced clubs. Table 2 expresses the linkage between the recreation items and the location.
In Part Three, the thesis summarizes the spatial features of PFRL on the basis of research above. The amount,scale and types of PFRL can be presented as a pyramid-structure shown in Table 3. The relevance feature of PFRL is that over 87.6% of the PFRL are adjacent to restaurants. The micro-location features of the PFRL contain two parts. 1) The PFRL of business-district type are located nearby the periphery of the business district with good accessibility. 2) The PFRL of residential-area type are placed close to the main roads of the communities or in the core of community for the convenience of the inhabitants.
In Part Four, the thesis points out the development tendency of the PFRL. PFRL should be polarized in spatial distribution, rationalization in terms of facility amount, simplification in view of facility hierarchy, and directed by transportation convenience in site selection.
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Received: 05 January 2005
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2006, Vol. 21 
